Method and means for billet casting



Sept. 4, 1923.

c. s. MORSE METHOD AND MEANS FOR BILLET CASTING Filed July 2. 1.921

I rujenzon Cha r195 51 Morse \flttorney.

Patented Sept. 4, 1923.

CHARLES S. MORSE, OF ROLAND PARK,

COMPANY, INC., OF BALTIMORE, DEAR ARYLAND, essreivon TO BALTIMORE ruse YLANTJ, a CORPORATION on VIRGINIA.

METHOD AND MEANS FOR IBILLET CA STING.

Application filed July 2,

To all KID/6077?, it may concern:

Be it known that 1, CHARLES S. MORSE, a citizen of the United States, residing at Roland Park, in the county of Baltimore, State of Maryland, have invented a new and useful Method and Means for Billet Casting, of which the following is a specification.

Iy invention relates to billet casting. The object is to and means for casting hollow billets. The invention has especially to do with the method and means for securing an auto matic relative shifting longitudinal move ment between the core and the billet, during the contraction of of the metal of the billet, in order to prevent injury to the billet, which frequently occurs when the billet is permitted to cool and contract in the usual Way directly upon a rigid and fixed core.

Heretoi'ore it has been the practice to provide a yielding or collapsible core that will give sufliciently to permit the contraction of the billet without injury thereto. The method has also been employed of with drawing the core by external means, before the billet has sufiiciently contracted to cause injury thereto.

By the present method however, itpro- 7 3 posed to so associate the core with themold and to so shape the core, and also to coat the same with a suitable lubricant, that the action of the billet, upon'contracting, is' o force a relative longitudinal movement between billet and core.

Referring to the drawings, which illus trate, merely by way of example, suitable means for eiiecting my invention Fig. l is a longitudinal section, showing 4c the core and mold associated in initial, or

pouring position, and also showing the metal forming the billet, in its initial position relative thereto.

Fig. 2 is a similar view of the billet and 4.; core showing the approximate relative position of the billet and core after the cooling and consequent relative'movement due to the contraction of the metal of the billet.

Similar numerals refer to similar parts to throughout the several views.

In the example shown in the drawing the mold 5 is nearlv cylindrical as to its inner wall. It is provided with the removable block 6, locked in place by the bolt 7. It

is also preferably surmounted by the removprovide improved method the latter, due to cooling 1921. Serial No. is'aoai.

able pouring funnel 9. The core 8 is of tapered formation, that is, its cross-sectional dimension decreases constantly from one end to theother. In ig. 1 itis shown with the smaller end extending downwardly toward orto the bottom of the mold or to the block (3, with a coating 13, ofsuitable lubricating material such for example, as that formed by a mixture of flaked graphite and oil. hi material being to a substantial degree heat resisting, v y

In operation, the mold and core are assembled substantially as shown in ig. l. The lower end of the core 8 extendin wardly to or near the bottom of the mold 5 or to the block 6. The upper end of the core is preferably centered by any suitable means such asthe projections 10 connected with the removable funnel 9. The metal is poured by means of the funnel 9 into the annular space between the mold 5 andcore 8 until molten metal rises in the mold to the required level, "for example, that indicated by the dotted line 11. e The metal thus poured into the mold about the core becomes the billet. marked 12. I

:A the billet l2 cools the metal contracts, and thus tends to become of slightly reduced cross-sectional dimension, that is, its periphery will become less, at any given point, than the adjacent periphery of the surround ing mold wall.-

When this contraction of the billet takes place abouta rigid and fixed core, it fre quently happens that the contraction or shrinking not only causes such a tight engagement of billet and core that it is extremely difiicult to remove the core from the billet, but also, the body of the billet will be cracked and thereby rendered useless.

I have discovered that by forming the core with a gradual but constantly diminishing cross-sectional dimension from one end to the other, and bycoating the entire surface of the core that comes into contact with the metal of the billet, with a film or skin of suitable lubricating material; the billet, as it contracts upon the core, will, due to tapered formation of the core and the lubricating quality of the coating coveringthe core, cause a slight relative longitudinal movement between the billet and the core. That is to say, the reduced cross-sectional dimensidn of the inner periphery of the bilg down- ,4

The core is also shown as provided let, at any point due to said contraction, will move to a correspondingly reduced crosssectional peripheral dimension of the core due to said taper, and this relative movement between the billet and the core will correspond to the degree of contraction. This relative movement obviously need not be great, but will be sullicient to enable the billet, at any point in its circumference, to find a corresponding point in the core circumference where the reduced dimension of the core will compensate for the reduced dimension of the billet at said point due to said contraction. This relative movement between billet and core is of course, automatic, due to the force exerted by the contracting metal of thebillet and facilitated by the inclined walls of the tapered core and by the lubricating etiect oi the coating applied thereto.

In the practice of the method above described I believe the best results are secured by arranging the elements with the small end of the core at or near the bottom of the mold as shown in the drawings so that the metal that first comes to rest in the mold and consequently which begins to contract, is about the small end of the mold, while the metal above contracts progressively.

lVhat I claim is l. The method of casting hollow'billets which consists in utilizing the inclined walls ol a tapered core to secure an automatic relative longitudinal movement between billet and core due to the force exerted by the contraction of the billet.

2. The method of casting hollow billets which consists in utilizing the inclined walls ot a tapered core to secure an automatic relative movement between billet and core due to the force exerted by the contraction of the billet, and facilitating said relative move ment by a lubricating agent between the adjacent walls of billet and core.

3. The method of casting hollow billets which consists in utilizing the inclined walls of a tapered core to secure an automatic relative movement between billet and core due to the force exerted by the contraction of the billet, and "facilitating said relative automatic movement by utilizing the action of a lubricating agent between the billet and core.

The method oi: casting hollow billets which consists in utilizing the inclined walls a tapered core to secure an automatic relative movement between billet and core due to the "force exerted by the contraction of the billet, facilitating said relative automatic movement by utilizing the action of a lubricating agent between the billet and core, and so introducing the metal that the contraction will begin at the small end. of the core.

5. In a billet casting device, the combination of a mold, and a cooperating tapered core, the parts so arranged and associated as to permit of relative automatic longitudinal movement between core and billet, the core having walls inclined sul'iiciently to enable the force developed .by the contraction of the metal of the billet, cast about the core, to cause an automatic relative movement be tween billet and core during said contraction.

6. in a billet casting device, the combination ot a mold, and a cooperating tapered core, the parts so arranged and associated as to permit of relative automatic movement between core and billet, the core having a lubricating agent applied thereto, and having walls inclined sutliciently to enable the force developed by the contraction ot the metal cl the billet, cast about the core, to cause an automatic relative movement between billet and core during said contraction. 7

7. In a billet casting device, the combinat on of a mold, and cooperating tapered core, the parts arranged and associated with the small end of the core at the bottom of the mold, so as to permit of relative automatic movement between core and billet, and so that the metal. that is poured shall first come to rest and begin to contract at the small end of the core, the core having a lubricating agent applied thereto, and having walls inclined sutliciently to enable the force developed by the contraction of the metal of the billet, cast about the core, to cause an automatic relative movement between billet and core during said contraction.

4 CHARLES S. MORSE. 

